The gospel of Matthew records people wondering about Jesus: “Is not this the carpenter’s son? Is not His mother called Mary? And are not His brothers James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? And are not all His sisters with us? Where then did this man get all these things?” (Matthew 13:55-56). And: “Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary and brother of James and Joses (Joseph) and Judas and Simon? And are not His sisters here with us?” (Mark 6:3). Did Jesus really have siblings?
Yes, Jesus had brothers and sisters
The short answer is, yes, the Bible shows that Jesus had brothers and sisters. Actually these were his half-siblings since Jesus was born in the family of Joseph and Mary, but Joseph was not his biological father. Jesus was conceived from the Holy Spirit (Matthew 1:20) and did not have a human biological father.
References in the Bible
John 2:12; John 7:1–10; and Acts 1:14 contain references to Jesus’ (half-)siblings. Paul refers to the brothers of the Lord in 1 Corinthians 9:5, probably meaning His actual brothers. Paul identifies James as the Lord’s brother in Galatians 1:19. His four brothers are mentioned by name, but His sisters are not named at all. So Jesus had actual blood siblings. There is no biblical reason to believe that these siblings are anything other than the actual children of Joseph and Mary.
The brothers of Jesus wrote Bible books
The New Testament letters of James and Jude are attributed to brothers of Jesus. James names himself in the salutation of the letter (James 1:1), but he does not identify himself as Jesus’ brother. Jude identifies himself as the brother of James (Jude 1:1). The only direct references to Jesus’ two other brothers Joseph (Greek: ‘Joses’) and Simon are in Matthew 13:53-55 and Mark 6:3. Jesus’ brothers and sisters are not mentioned until after the Lord began His ministry and are first mentioned as going with His mother and Himself to Capernaum (John 2:12).